Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/therapeutic use , COVID-19 Drug Treatment , Adult , Aged , Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood , Antibodies, Viral/isolation & purification , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/virology , COVID-19/pathology , COVID-19/therapy , COVID-19/virology , Female , Humans , Immunity , Immunization, Passive/methods , Lung/virology , Male , Middle Aged , Protein Domains/immunology , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification , SARS-CoV-2/metabolism , Severity of Illness Index , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism , Young Adult , COVID-19 SerotherapyABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus clade 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging pathogen, which is similar to previous SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) occurrences. However, we only get few understandings about the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, which need to further be studied. The discovery of an agent that has a treatment efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 is very urgent. In this review, we briefly discuss the virology of this pathogen and focus on the available understanding of the pathogenesis and treatments of this pathogen including the uses of nucleoside analogues, protease inhibitors, interferons, and other small-molecule drugs, on the basis previous comprehensions of SARS and MERS. These reviewed concepts may be beneficial in providing new insights and potential treatments for COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , COVID-19 Drug Treatment , SARS-CoV-2/drug effects , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/physiology , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , COVID-19/pathology , Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/antagonists & inhibitors , Humans , SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicityABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Clinical data of COVID-19 patients diagnosed between January 28, 2020 and February 23, 2020 at the Beijing You'an Hospital were summarized and analyzed. Overall, 45 (18 men and 27 women) patients were included in this study. The average age of patients was 58 years (range, 7-94 years). Furthermore, 21 patients (47%) experienced underlying chronic diseases, with another four patients (9%) having three or more chronic diseases simultaneously. The first symptoms appeared at the onset of illness onset include fever in 36 patients (80%), cough in 23 patients (51%), and expectoration in 15 patients (33%), respectively. Patients may experience hepatic and renal injury as well as abnormal myocardial enzymes in varying degrees. Senior patients (≥58) and accompanying chronic diseases were considered as independent predictors for developing a severe and critically ill population with increased mortality. Laboratory results regarding the NEU percentage, NLR, ALC, and C-reactive protein levels were considered significant in predicting clinically critical disease or for prognosis assessment and thus require further studies. COVID-19 may affect multiple organs of the human body. Glucocorticoid is considered effective in the treatment of patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19.